[1]
Adam Lifshey 2008. The Literary Alterities of Philippine Nationalism in José Rizal’s ‘El filibusterismo’. PMLA. 123, 5 (2008), 1434–1447.
[2]
Alda Blanco Memory-work and empire: Madrid’s Philippines Exhibition (1887). Journal of Romance Studies. 5, 1, 53–63.
[3]
Anderson, B. 1991. Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso.
[4]
de Castro, J.E. 2011. En qué idioma escribe Ud.?: Spanish, Tagalog, and Identity in José Rizal’s Noli me tangere. MLN. 126, 2 (2011), 303–321. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2011.0014.
[5]
Christian Doctrine, in Spanish and Tagalog (Manila, 1593; World Digital Library): https://www.wdl.org/en/item/82/view/1/5/.
[6]
Competing colonialisms: the Portuguese, Spanish and French presence in Asia. Guest Editors: Jo Labanyi and Ross G. Foreman : Journal of Romance Studies Berghahn Journals: http://0-www.berghahnjournals.com.pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/view/journals/romance-studies/5/1/romance-studies.5.issue-1.xml.
[7]
Cruz, D. 2012. Transpacific femininities: the making of the modern Filipina. Duke University Press.
[8]
Cruz, D. 2012. Transpacific femininities: the making of the modern Filipina. Duke University Press.
[9]
Cuentos filipinos: 1876. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/agm3478.0001.001/9?page=root;rgn=full+text;size=100;view=image.
[10]
Ellis, R.R. 2012. They need nothing: Hispanic-Asian encounters of the colonial period. University of Toronto Press.
[11]
Ellos y nosotros: 13AD. https://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum18/secciones/peri-1-ellos_nosotros.htm.
[12]
Filipinas : esbozos y pinceladas (1888): https://archive.org/details/agp2253.0001.001.umich.edu.
[13]
Filipinas: esbozos y pinceladas (1888): http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000056980&page=1.
[14]
Filipinas: problema fundamental. Por un espanol de larga residencia en aquellas islas: 1891. https://archive.org/details/filipinasproble00islagoog.
[15]
First Filipino: 16AD. http://www.lrb.co.uk/v19/n20/benedict-anderson/first-filipino.
[16]
Grindstaff, B. Creating Identity: Exhibiting the Philippines at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition. National Identities. 1, 3.
[17]
Hooper, K. 2014. A Tale of Two Empires? The Earl’s Court Spanish Exhibition (1889). Modern Languages Open. (2014). DOI:https://doi.org/10.3828/mlo.v0i1.5.
[18]
Irving, D.R.M. 2010. Colonial counterpoint: music in early modern Manila. Oxford University Press.
[19]
Jaena, G.L. 1998. Los Indios de Filipinas (1887). Revista Española del Pacífico. 8, 8 (1998), 309–322.
[20]
Kim, Y.-S. and Davis, K.E. 2014. Claiming a Space for Spanish Asian Studies. Arizona Journal of Hispanic Cultural Studies. 18, 1 (2014), 199–210. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1353/hcs.2014.0004.
[21]
Morga, A. de et al. 1971. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society.
[22]
Morga, A. de et al. 1971. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society.
[23]
Parnaso Filipino. Antologia de Poetas del Archipielago Magallanico: 1922. https://ia802609.us.archive.org/13/items/parnasofilipino16201gut/16201-h/16201-h.htm#p103.
[24]
Rafael, V. 2010. Welcoming What Comes: Sovereignty and Revolution in the Colonial Philippines. Comparative Studies in Society and History. 52, 1 (2010), 157–179.
[25]
Rafael, V.L. 1993. Contracting colonialism: translation and Christian conversion in  Tagalog society under early Spanish rule. Duke University Press.
[26]
Rafael, V.L. 1993. Contracting colonialism: translation and Christian conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish rule. Duke University Press.
[27]
Rafael, V.L. 2005. The promise of the foreign: nationalism and the technics of translation in the Spanish Philippines. Duke University Press.
[28]
Rafael, V.L. 2000. White love and other events in Filipino history. Duke University Press.
[29]
Reyes, R.A.G. 2008. Love, passion and patriotism: sexuality and the Philippine Propaganda Movement, 1882-1892. NUS Press.
[30]
Rizal, J. Noli me tangere. Cervantes Virtual.
[31]
Rizal, J. 1887. Noli Me Tangere (Original Spanish Version).
[32]
Rizal, J. 1912. The Social Cancer (English translation of Noli me tangere).
[33]
Rizal, J. and Augenbraum, H. 2006. Noli me tángere. Penguin Group.
[34]
Schmidt-Nowara, C. 2004. ‘La Espana Ultramarina: Colonialism and Nation-Building in Nineteenth-Century Spain’. European History Quarterly. 34, 2 (Apr. 2004), 191–214. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0265691404042507.
[35]
Schmidt-Nowara, C. 2006. The conquest of history: Spanish colonialism and national histories in the nineteenth century. University of Pittsburgh Press.
[36]
Schmidt-Nowara, C. 2006. The conquest of history: Spanish colonialism and national histories in the nineteenth century. University of Pittsburgh Press.
[37]
Schmidt-Nowara, C. and Nieto-Phillips, J.M. 2005. Interpreting Spanish colonialism: empires, nations, and legends. University of New Mexico Press.
[38]
The Manila Shawl Route: 2008. https://riunet.upv.es/bitstream/handle/10251/31505/2008_03_137_142.pdf?sequence=1.
[39]
The Philippine Islands: a vital crossroads during the first globalization period: 2014. http://cultureandhistory.revistas.csic.es/index.php/cultureandhistory/article/view/43/167.
[40]
Thomas, M.C. 2012. Orientalists, propagandists, and ilustrados: Filipino scholarship and the end of Spanish colonialism. University of Minnesota Press.
[41]
Thomas, M.C. Orientalists, propagandists, and ilustrados: Filipino scholarship and the end of Spanish colonialism. University of Minnesota Press.
[42]
Torres-Pou, J. 2013. Asia en la España del siglo XIX: literatos, viajeros, intelectuales y diplomáticos ante Oriente. Rodopi.
[43]
TRANSMODERNITY: Journal of Peripheral Cultural Production of the Luso-Hispanic World [eScholarship]: http://escholarship.org/uc/search?entity=ssha_transmodernity;volume=4;issue=1.
[44]
Tsuchiya, A. and Acree, W.G. 2016. Empire’s end: transnational connections in the Hispanic world. Vanderbilt University Press.
[45]
Tsuchiya, A. and Acree, W.G. 2016. Empire’s end: transnational connections in the Hispanic world. Vanderbilt University Press.
[46]
Woods, Damon L. Tomas Pinpin and the Literate Indio: Tagalog Writing in the Early Spanish Philippines. UCLA Historical Journal. 12.
[47]
La primera imprenta en Filipinas : reseña histÃ3...
[48]
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints.
[49]
The Literary Economies of Philippine Costumbrismo.